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Pan American Games to open in Chile with many athletes eyeing spots at Olympics_我的网站

一 | The Pan American Games open Friday in Chile's capital with more than 100 spots available for next year's Paris Olympics and the usual contest to see who will finish second behind the United States in the medals chart.More than 6,800 athletes from 41 countries and territories will compete in Santiago over 17 days. Competitors in 20 sports, including gymnastics, boxing and swimming, will be looking to directly qualify for the Olympics. Other sports will offer spots based on quotas, ranking points or minimum qualification standards.The Pan American Games, the largest multi-sport event in the Americas, are held every four years and precede the Olympics by a year. Santiago, where the streets have been rocked by protests in recent years, will debut as host. About 17,000 volunteers and 3,000 security officers will work at the event.If injuries don't get in the way, the U.S. team in Chile will include 93 Olympians and 32 Olympic medalists in a roster of 631 athletes. Of those, 318 are women and 313 are men. They will compete in 43 of the 46 sports.Brazil, Mexico and Canada are expected to fight for second place in the medals table. The three are bringing some of their biggest stars to the competition, including Brazilian gymnast Rebeca Andrade, Mexican diver Osmar Olvera and Canadian swimmer Maggie Mac Neil.American athletes will seek Olympic qualification in nine sports: breaking, boxing, gymnastics (rhythmic, trampoline), sport climbing, field hockey (men’s and women’s), modern pentathlon, artistic swimming, handball and water polo (men’s and women’s).Athletes in archery, diving, equestrian jumping, table tennis, sailing and shooting can secure quotas that will send them to Paris next year. Those competing in badminton, 3x3 basketball, cycling, taekwondo and triathlon can get ranking points that allow them to qualify. Track and field athletes and swimmers can also get minimum qualification standards for U.S. Olympic team trials.The U.S. team at the Pan American Games has 13 Olympic champions, including nine who won gold in Tokyo — six members of the women's water polo team, fencer Lee Kiefer, shooter Vincent Hancock and swimmer Brooks Curry.The other four won their Olympic titles prior to 2021, including Helen Maroulis and Kyle Snyder in wrestling, and Laura Kraut and McClain Ward in equestrian.Four years ago, the United States won 293 medals in Lima, Peru — 122 gold, 87 silver and 84 bronze. Brazil came in a distant second with 54 gold, 45 silver and 70 bronze. Mexico finished in third with 37 gold, 39 silver and 62 bronze, edging Canada with 35 gold, 65 silver and 52 bronze.As the Olympics did in Japan, the Pan American Games are seeking to reach a younger audience with new sports. Breaking, sport climbing and skateboarding will make their debuts at the event. The latter two have already had a first Olympic competition in Tokyo, while breaking will debut next year in Paris.The opening ceremony of the Pan American Games will take place on Friday at the 47,000-seat Estadio Nacional, around which six new venues for 30 sports were built with an investment of $507 million.Inaugurated in 1938, the Estadio Nacional held its first major sporting event in 1962 when Brazil beat Czechoslovakia 3-1 to win the World Cup title in soccer.Eleven years later, the stadium became a place of horror with extrajudicial killings and torture after the coup d’etat that ousted President Salvador Allende and led him to kill himself in 1973.“People will be surprised by how beautiful this National Stadium Park turned out,” Neven Ilic, the president of organizer Panam Sports, said last week. “All Chileans should feel proud of the level of the facilities and because they will be hosting a celebration never seen before in this country.”The Chilean government says the park that includes the stadium will be a place for the public to practice sports, play and walk as part of the legacy of the Pan Am Games. Authorities also promise to hand over the apartments in the athletes village to families after the event as permanent housing.___AP sports: https://apnews.com/sports。

二 | 至于致癌原因,一是槟榔里的化学物质经咀嚼后,形成的亚硝基,是明确致癌的化合物;二是槟榔较硬,咀嚼时易对口腔黏膜造成机械创伤。

三 | 原国家食药监总局在2017年公布致癌物清单时,已将槟榔果列入一级致癌物。

四 | 长期咀嚼槟榔简直就是对口腔黏膜的“双重打击”。这也可以解释为什么很多长期咀嚼槟榔的人不仅会感到口干舌燥,还会伴有烧灼感,如恶化后,会出现无法进食刺激性食物,口腔内疼痛感增强,开口受限,语言不清等症状。医生建议:远离槟榔,珍爱健康2018年,中华口腔医学会和中国疾控中心曾调研湖南省群众咀嚼槟榔和口腔癌的现状,当时中南大学湘雅医院口腔颌面外科病房内,50位住院患者有45人患口腔癌,其中44人有长期大量咀嚼槟榔史。

五 | 宗娟娟告诉记者,近年的临床调研发现,口腔黏膜下纤维性变的患者呈年轻化趋势,年龄集中在20—30岁,均有嚼食槟榔的习惯。

六 | 2019年,国家卫健委在《健康口腔行动方案(2019—2025年)》的解读中提到,要对长期咀嚼槟榔等高危行为进行干预,促进群众养成健康的行为和生活方式。

七 | “最开始认识槟榔是因为患者,近年来因口腔黏膜下纤维化就诊的患者明显增多,因此增加了对槟榔的关注。这类患者往往因为嘴巴张不开,吃辛辣刺激的食物黏膜疼痛等问题前来就诊,且多是青年人,而这些问题只是咀嚼槟榔后的初始问题,继续发展可成为口腔癌。”南昌大学附属口腔医院黏膜牙周科医师李维芝告诉科技日报记者,出现问题后轻则需手术切除癌变病损、影响外貌及降低生活质量,重则危及生命。湖南因盛产槟榔,口腔癌的发病率远高于其他省份。李维芝说,关于吃槟榔或许开始时大家只是出于好奇或者好友推荐尝试一下,但是槟榔中含有槟榔碱,这是一种类似尼古丁的物质,会使人成瘾、产生快感,因此一旦开始往往难以戒除,久而久之口腔黏膜发生病变甚至发展成口腔癌、咽喉癌等。“槟榔导致的黏膜下纤维性变往往无法根治,因此患者终身受其困扰。”李维芝提到,在槟榔广告随处可见、各小卖部均有售卖槟榔的今天,大家要主动远离槟榔,珍爱健康、珍爱生命,如果出现不适,尽早就医。
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Published on:19:17:43
